Ancient Cartographies as a Basis for Geolocation Models in Public Space: The Case of Giambattista Nolli and its Heritage Application

In 1748, the architect and surveyor Giambattista Nolli mapped an abstract reality of the city of Rome. As a challenge to the inherited projections, it represented the city mixing streets, halls, corridors, churches, baths and markets as part of a unique public space network. A new way to design public space and rethink the whole urban system was opened by the possibility of containing in these representations a single layer with all kinds of public space (including the interior of public buildings). Despite this, Nolli's plan remained as a useless instrument since the hegemony of automobile mobility appeared as a pre-eminent system. This research tries to understand how the application of the ancient cartographies' methodology can improve the pedestrian mobility of historic cities by means of enhancing the graphic value of the system of Giambattista Nolli. Nowadays, free public space is represented as empty and built ones, as solid. This proposal would revert this reified conception of the city, understanding this baroque representation as an instrument of identification and assessment of the transitional heritage. The clues unveiled by Nolli seem to be able to integrate the plans of public buildings within the urban tissue, which would result in a step towards the full integration of cartography and mobility. The success of the comprehensive tools offered by large servers such as Alphabet inc. (Google) or Bing Maps confirm the suitability of the combination of new technologies and Big Data with urban planning, reaching the synchronisation of Smart Cities. Nowadays, open public space can be 'walked in' from any electronic device, consequently, the application of the "Nolli methodology" would implement the model of urban geolocation with the assimilation of inner public spaces. In the creation of a great global map of the public space, a chimaera could be intuited. This would be discussed within a tangible reality: every open public space is already housed in the Big Data and it is accessible through geolocation tools. The inclusion of the of the public buildings' interiors would contribute to develop a greater permeability between city and citizens. Furthermore, this representation would optimize pedestrian travel times and would be able to expand the geolocation system network as a documentary repository

Effects of wet/dry-cycling and plasma treatments on the properties of flax nonwovens intended for composite reinforcing

Producción CientíficaThis research analyzes the effects of different treatments on flax nonwoven (NW) fabrics which are intended for composite reinforcement. The treatments applied were of two different kinds: a wet/dry cycling which helps to stabilize the cellulosic fibers against humidity changes and plasma treatments with air, argon and ethylene gases considering different conditions and combinations, which produce variation on the chemical surface composition of the NWs. The resulting changes in the chemical surface composition, wetting properties, thermal stability and mechanical properties were determined. Variations in surface morphology could be observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed significant changes to the surface chemistry for the samples treated with argon or air (with more content on polar groups on the surface) and ethylene plasma (with less content of polar groups). Although only slight differences were found in moisture regain and water retention values (WRV), significant changes were found on the contact angle values, thus revealing hydrophilicity for the air-treated and argon-treated samples and hydrophobicity for the ethylene-treated ones. Moreover, for some of the treatments the mechanical testing revealed an increase of the NW breaking force.Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional (grants BIA2014-59399-R and FPU12/05869

De la sintaxis a la pragmasintaxis: problemas del análisis sintáctico en el discurso oral espontáneo

El presente artículo pone de manifiesto algunas de las dificultades a que se enfrento el gramático o el docente de lengua española a la hora de describir ciertas construcciones habituales en la lengua hablada, particularmente si los únicos instrumentos de que dispone son los que le proporciona la gramática normativa. Se ofrece, pues, una muestra de construcciones sintácticas "coloquiales" usuales que no suelen aparecer reflejadas en las gramáticas. Pensamos en este sentido que para explicar con propiedad su forma y función es necesario adoptar una perspectiva pragmática y un sistema de unidades diferentes a la oración, la proposición, la cláusula, etc. Asimismo, esta perspectiva pragmática se ejemplifica tomando como punto de referencia algunas de las ideas desarrolladas por la Teoría de la Relevancia en el análisis de varias construcciones comparativas procedentes de conversaciones coloquiales reales

Effects of Cyclodextrin Type on Vitamin C, Antioxidant Activity, and Sensory Attributes of a Mandarin Juice Enriched with Pomegranate and Goji Berries

The effects of the addition of cyclodextrins (CDs), β-CD, or HP-β-CD (1%), on the protection of antioxidant compounds of mandarin juices enriched with pomegranate extract and goji berries juice, was studied. Juices were prepared and after their thermal treatment (98 ◦C, 30 s) they were stored at 4 ◦C during 75 d. Vitamin C content, CIE L∗a∗b∗ color, antioxidant capacity, retinol equivalents, and sensory properties were studied. Losses on vitamin C were higher (6%) for juices with β-CD than juices with HP-β-CD. Retinol equivalents degradation was lower (3.4%) in juices with HP-β-cyclodextrins than in those treated with β-CD. Lower losses were observed for the instrumental and sensory color intensity in juices with HP-β-CD addition. Finally, the antioxidant capacity was also higher in juices treated with HP-β-CD. Finally, the overall sensory quality of juices with HP-β-CD was the best one after 30 d of cold storage. Even though β-CD addition did not cause any improvement compared with control juice (without CD addition), the benefits of adding HP-β-CD to this particular juice were shown in almost all parameters under study.Ciencias de la Alimentació

Analyzing Willingness to Pay More to Stay in a Sustainable Hotel

The aim of this study is to investigate differences in willingness to pay more for sustainable hotels, analyzing whether consumers’ searches for information about sustainability, the importance they assign to sustainability certifications, their previous experiences and sociodemographic variables, are all features that influence consumer intentions. We thus contribute to the literature on the importance of consumers’ concerns and awareness and how they influence consumer intentions regarding sustainability in the hotel sector. Our results, based on a sample of consumers of various nationalities, show that all the variables analyzed can explain the differences between consumers that are willing to pay more for sustainable hotels and those that are not, except those variables capturing sociodemographic characteristics. These results could help hotel managers to establish strategies to retain more responsible consumers and increase awareness of sustainability, and should prompt them to improve their sustainability practices

Characterization of wind-blown sediment transport with height in a highly mobile dune (SW Spain)

The Valdevaqueros dune is located at one of the windiest points of Europe, where the frequent occurrence of strong easterly winds has generated a highly mobile dune. Several rotating cup anemometers in vertical array and a self-designed vertical sand trap, were placed to retain the drift sands at different heights over the surface in order to determine theoretical and actual sand transport rates in the Valdevaqueros dune system. General results show that 90% of the wind-blown sand is transported within the first 20cm above the dune crest surface. Theoretical transport rates based on different empirical formulae were 0.33 to 0.78 times the in-situ sand transport rate detected, which was 2.08·10-2kgm-1s-1 under moderate wind power (mean speed ranging from 8.4 to 17.9ms-1). Analysis of different statistical grain-size parameters helped to understand sand transport distribution at different heights

Who Decides and Who Invests? The Role of the Public, Private and Third Sectors in Rural Development according to Geographical Contexts: The LEADER Approach in Andalusia, 2007–2015

This study was carried out as part of the research project entitled "Successes and failures in the practice of neo-endogenous rural development in the European Union (1991-2014)" funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness within its Excellence Programme, CSO2017-89657-P. Additionally, this research is part of the project "El vaciamiento del campo andaluz. Practicas y propuestas para ocuparlo", funded by the Andalusian Regional Government, concretely the Centre of Andalusian Studies, PRY112/19. Finally, the publication of this work has been funded by the European Union project "Education, Agriculture and Resources for Territories and Heritage", 598839-EPP-1-2018-1-IT-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP (2018-2022).In general, the LEADER programme has had a positive impact, although it has also negative aspects. In this paper, we analyse the role of the three main stakeholders (public sector, private sector and third sector) within the LEADER local action groups (LAGs) in the decision-making process and final execution of the projects, to discover whether there is any relation between those taking the decisions and those carrying out the projects, according to the degree of rurality of the different areas. Our primary source was the files for all the successfully implemented LEADER projects in Andalusia between 2007 and 2015. Relevant findings are: although the public sector plays a leading role in the LAGs and in the decision-making process, most of the projects, as measured by total investment, are carried out by the private sector; the degree of rurality is an important factor, in that private sector investors tend to invest in peri-urban spaces, while public bodies, and especially local councils, invest in remote rural areas. The LAGs play a strategic role, in terms of making up for the almost negligible input from the third sector.Spanish Government CSO2017-89657-PAndalusian Regional Government PRY112/19European Commission 598839-EPP-1-2018-1-IT-EPPKA2-CBHE-J

Removal of emerging pollutants in conventional and microalgae based biotechnology urban wastewater treatment plants

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) reduce portion of the input of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems, but there is no data available about the elimination of emerging contaminants with microalgae technology. The aim of this work was to determine the average mass flows and concentrations of pharmaceuticals in influents and effluents from two sewages treatment plants using conventional and microalgae based biotechnologies and to compare the removal of pharmaceuticals using both depuration technologies. Only between 20 to 60% of five pharmaceuticals groups is reduce in both WWTP using conventional technologies consisting of a pretreatment, primary settling and secondary treatment by aerobic biological reactor. Using microalgae based biotechnologies efficiency of removal pharmaceuticals is higher than conventional technologies and it increase by using DAF (Dissolve Air Flotation) technology to separate algae biomass

Mortalidad, eventos cardiovasculares y segundas neoplasias en Linfoma de Hodgkin

La enfermedad de Hodgkin tiene un pronóstico excelente con tasas de curación elevadas. Se ha argumentado sobre un posible exceso en el tratamiento de estos pacientes y el riesgo de desarrollar efectos secundarios que disminuirían la calidad de vida y aumentarían el riesgo de mortalidad no relacionada con el linfoma. Bajo estas premisas hipotetizamos que una estrategia terapéutica que evite lo máximo posible los dos tratamientos que teóricamente inducen más efectos secundarios tardíos (radioterapia y quimioterapia con drogas alquilantes), podría reducir la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares y segundas neoplasias disminuyendo la mortalidad tardía. Los objetivos fueron analizar la supervivencia a largo plazo en una serie de pacientes tratados de forma homogénea con el esquema ABVD y evaluar la tasa de complicaciones cardiovasculares y segunda neoplasias. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el cual se seleccionaron pacientes que forman parte de una cohorte histórica hospitalaria de enfermos diagnosticados de linfoma de Hodgkin y tratados entre 1990 y 2013. Los resultados fueron, una supervivencia libre de progresión a 5 años del 73,3 %, observándose que a los 5 años era menor en pacientes con mayor estadio de Ann Arbor. La supervivencia global a los fue del 77,3%, siendo inferior en pacientes con mayor estadio de Ann Arbor. La supervivencia causa específica fue del 90,9% a los 5 años, disminuyendo en relación con el aumento del estadio. De las causas de muerte ,70 fallecieron durante el seguimiento, 36 por el linfoma de Hodgkin, 10 muertes debidas a complicaciones agudas relacionadas con el tratamiento y 24 por otras causas. Observamos 50 eventos tardíos. La incidencia de accidentes cardiovasculares fue del 7,7%, observando una tendencia superior en aquellos pacientes que recibieron radioterapia (10,5%) frente a los que no recibieron (6,4%) aunque sin ser estadísticamente significativo. La incidencia de segundas neoplasias fue del 7,1%, con un 4,8% que fueron tratados con radioterapia frente al 8,1% que no la recibieron. La conclusión de nuestro trabajo es que el tratamiento exclusivo con ABVD, limitando la radioterapia a los pacientes con enfermedad residual o enfermedad bulky es una opción eficaz y segura, cuando se realiza de forma protocolizada. A pesar de la menor agresividad del tratamiento aplicado, cerca de la mitad de los pacientes han fallecido por causas diferentes al linfoma de Hodgkin. La tasa de segundas neoplasias y eventos cardiovasculares observados es baja en relación a lo comunicado en la literatura. Queda por definir si esto es debido a la menor agresividad del tratamiento de primera línea aplicado o a la necesidad de mayor seguimiento. No existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la tasa de segundas neoplasias o eventos cardiovasculares entre los pacientes que recibieron radioterapia y los que no lo hicieron. No obstante, parece existir una tendencia a mayor aparición de eventos cardiovasculares en los pacientes irradiados

Main specifications of CFD codes for WUIVIEW activities

CFD simulations will be the core activity of the WUVIEW performance based fire safety analysis. The purpose of this document is to provide WUIVIEW partners with a general overview of the CFD codes to be used in the Action. The general simulation framework is described, particularly highlighting data inputs and scenario description requirements, to be developed in subsequent WUIVIEW WPs. This TN provides the technical foundations and main specifications of the databases to be designed within the WUIVIEW working program (ongoing action by UPC).Postprint (updated version